问题详情：
阅读下面短文，从短文后备题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
Are you nearsighted (近视的)? Do you 16 glasses? Many of you may 17 “yes”.
In fact, China’s young people have the 18 rate (率) of nearsightedness in the world, according to a(n) 19 from the World Health Organization. More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted.
In August, a plan to 20 this problem was introduced. It tries to cut down the rate of nearsightedness for middle school students to 21 than 60 percent by 2030. Schools across the country are taking action to meet this goal.
Luoyang Experimental School in Henan 22 its desks. It has designed (设计) desks with a board above the desktop. The board 23 students from lowering their heads too close to their desktops. More than 400 students have used them so far More students will do soon.
Similarly, the High School Affiliated to Renmin University Chaoyang Branch School is now providing desks and chairs according to students’ 24 Studies have shown that proper desk height can 25 nearsightedness.
Spending more time outside can 26 reduce (减少) nearsightedness. The Yucai Middle School connected to Chengdu No 7 High School makes sure 27 its students play outside for at least 80 minutes every day. “We have a PE class and a 20-minute break in the morning and afternoon to do exercises”, said Sun Zihan, 14.
Staring at (盯) screens can also hurt our 28 . Beijing 101 Middle School has a solution (*) 29 this problem. In its classrooms, there are special boxes for storing students’ cellphones. “We have to 30 our cellphones every morning and get them back after school”, said Huang Jiameng, 15.
16. A. wear B. dress C. break D. repair
17. A. talk B. speak C. say D. tell
18. A. best B. least C. lowest D. highest
19. A. news B. report C. opinion D. decision
20. A. cause B. develop C. cheat D. solve
21. A. fewer B. worse C. less D. more
22. A. pulled down B. sold out C. paid for D. started with
23. A. leads B. educates C. stops D. allows
24. A. heights B. weights C. ages D. interests
25. A. increase B. change C. prevent D. continue
26. A. never B. also C. seldom D. too
27. A. that B. what C. why D. if
28. A. ears B. hands C. heads D. eyes
29. A. to B. on C. at D. in
30. A. give out B. reach for C. hand in D. pick up
【回答】
文章大意
本文介绍了*青少年近视的情况。并提出了合理的计划。一是：使用带有木板的课桌，这样就会阻止学生们把头放得离桌面太近。二是：根据学生的身高提供桌椅。三是：增加室外活动时间。四是：减少盯着屏幕的时间，少玩手机。
16. A句意：你戴眼镜吗？A. wear穿，戴；B. dress穿…的服装；C. break损坏；D. repair修理。根据Are you nearsighted (近视的)? 你近视吗？可知，下文应该是问你戴眼镜吗？故选A。
17. C句意：你们中的许多人可能会说“戴”。A. talk一般为不及物动词，意思是“交谈，谈话，着重强调两者之间的相互说话；B. speak强调说的动作，不强调所说的内容。作及物动词时，常以某种语言作宾语；C. say一般着重讲话的内容，指有连贯*的说话，通常用做及物动词；D. tell意为“告诉、讲述”，指某人把某一件事、一条信息传送给别人或讲述一件事。根据“yes”可知，这是指说话的内容。故选C。
18. D句意：事实上，*年轻人的近视率是世界上最高的。A. best最好的；B. least最少的；C. lowest最低的；D. highest最高的。根据More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted. *70%以上的中学生是近视。可以推知*年轻人的近视率应该是世界上最高的。达到了70% 以上。故选D。
19. B句意：根据世界卫生组织的一份报告。A. news新闻；B. report报告；C. opinion意见；D. decision决定。根据More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted. *70%以上的中学生是近视。可知，这是报告的内容。应该选择report报告；故选B。
20. D句意：8月，提出了解决这一问题的计划。A. cause起因；B. develop 发展；C. cheat欺骗；D. solve解决。根据It tries to cut down the rate of nearsightedness for middle school students to ... than 60 percent by 2030. 它试图到2030年将中学生的近视率降低到60%以下。可知，这是计划要达到的目标。因此是上文提出了解决这一问题的计划。故选D。
21. C句意：它试图到2030年将中学生的近视率降低到60%以下。A. fewer更少的；B. worse更糟的；C. less较少的；D. more更多的。句中的the rate of nearsightedness：近视率；“近视率”是不可数的，因此排除A；选项B不符合语境，排除；根据More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted.和60 percent by 2030.可知，计划的目标是：把70%的近视率降到60% 以下，是低了。因此选择less较少的；故选C。
22. D句意：河南洛阳实验学校从课桌开始。A. pulled down下拉；B. sold out售完；C. paid for支付；D. started with从……开始。根据It has designed (设计) desks with a board above the desktop. 它设计了桌面上方有一块木板的桌子。可知，计划是从改变桌子开始的。故选D。
23. C句意：这块木板会阻止学生们把头放得离桌面太近。A. leads领路；B. educates教育；C. stops停止；D. allows允许。本题考查stop…from…“阻止……”；语境是：木板会阻止学生们把头放得离桌面太近。故选C。
24. A句意：同样，*大学朝阳分校附属中学也根据学生的身高提供桌椅。A. heights身高；B. weights体重；C. ages年龄；D. interests兴趣。根据Studies have shown that proper desk height can ___10___ nearsightedness. 研究表明，适当的桌子高度可以防止近视。可知，*大学朝阳分校附属中学应该是根据学生的身高提供桌椅。故选A。
25. C句意：研究表明，适当的桌子高度可以防止近视。A. increase增加；B. change 改变；C. prevent防止；D. continue继续。根据Similarly, the High School Affiliated to Renmin University Chaoyang Branch School is now providing desks and chairs according to students’ ___9___同样，*大学朝阳分校附属中学也根据学生的身高提供桌椅。可知，适当的桌子高度是可以防止近视的。故选C。
26. B句意：多花些时间在外面也可以减少近视。A. never从未；B. also也，用于句中；C. seldom很少；D. too也，用于句末。根据Spending more time outside can ___11___ reduce (减少) nearsightedness. 多花些时间在外面_______ 可以减少近视。和句子结构可知，本题是句中的 “也”，因此应该选择also也，用于句中；符合语境。故选B。
27. A句意：与成都第七中学相连的育才中学确保学生每天至少在室外玩80分钟。make sure，后接宾语从句。A. that：当从句是陈述句时，用that引导，that不做任何成分，可省略；B. what什么；C. why为什么；D. if如果。make sure + that 从句。语境是：与成都第七中学相连的育才中学确保学生每天至少在室外玩80分钟。故选A。
28. D句意：盯着屏幕也会伤害我们的眼睛。A. ears耳朵；B. hands手；C. heads头；D. eyes眼睛。根据Staring at (盯) screens盯着屏幕看，可以推知，应该会伤害我们的眼睛。故选D。
29. A句意：*101中学对这个问题有一个解决方案。A. to向，朝；B. on在……上；C. at在(某处)；D. in在……里。a solution to this problem：问题的解决方法。故选A。
30. C句意：我们每天早上都要交手机，放学后再拿回来。A. give out散发；B. reach for伸手去取；C. hand in上交；D. pick up捡起。根据get them back after school放学后再拿回来。可知，应该是每天早上都要交手机。放学后才能拿回来。故选C。
知识点：短文填空
题型：阅读填空
