問題詳情：
閲讀下面短文，從短文後備題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可填入空白處的最佳選項。
Are you nearsighted (近視的)? Do you 16 glasses? Many of you may 17 “yes”.
In fact, China’s young people have the 18 rate (率) of nearsightedness in the world, according to a(n) 19 from the World Health Organization. More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted.
In August, a plan to 20 this problem was introduced. It tries to cut down the rate of nearsightedness for middle school students to 21 than 60 percent by 2030. Schools across the country are taking action to meet this goal.
Luoyang Experimental School in Henan 22 its desks. It has designed (設計) desks with a board above the desktop. The board 23 students from lowering their heads too close to their desktops. More than 400 students have used them so far More students will do soon.
Similarly, the High School Affiliated to Renmin University Chaoyang Branch School is now providing desks and chairs according to students’ 24 Studies have shown that proper desk height can 25 nearsightedness.
Spending more time outside can 26 reduce (減少) nearsightedness. The Yucai Middle School connected to Chengdu No 7 High School makes sure 27 its students play outside for at least 80 minutes every day. “We have a PE class and a 20-minute break in the morning and afternoon to do exercises”, said Sun Zihan, 14.
Staring at (盯) screens can also hurt our 28 . Beijing 101 Middle School has a solution (*) 29 this problem. In its classrooms, there are special boxes for storing students’ cellphones. “We have to 30 our cellphones every morning and get them back after school”, said Huang Jiameng, 15.
16. A. wear B. dress C. break D. repair
17. A. talk B. speak C. say D. tell
18. A. best B. least C. lowest D. highest
19. A. news B. report C. opinion D. decision
20. A. cause B. develop C. cheat D. solve
21. A. fewer B. worse C. less D. more
22. A. pulled down B. sold out C. paid for D. started with
23. A. leads B. educates C. stops D. allows
24. A. heights B. weights C. ages D. interests
25. A. increase B. change C. prevent D. continue
26. A. never B. also C. seldom D. too
27. A. that B. what C. why D. if
28. A. ears B. hands C. heads D. eyes
29. A. to B. on C. at D. in
30. A. give out B. reach for C. hand in D. pick up
【回答】
文章大意
本文介紹了*青少年近視的情況。並提出了合理的計劃。一是：使用帶有木板的課桌，這樣就會阻止學生們把頭放得離桌面太近。二是：根據學生的身高提供桌椅。三是：增加室外活動時間。四是：減少盯着屏幕的時間，少玩手機。
16. A句意：你戴眼鏡嗎？A. wear穿，戴；B. dress穿…的服裝；C. break損壞；D. repair修理。根據Are you nearsighted (近視的)? 你近視嗎？可知，下文應該是問你戴眼鏡嗎？故選A。
17. C句意：你們中的許多人可能會説“戴”。A. talk一般為不及物動詞，意思是“交談，談話，着重強調兩者之間的相互説話；B. speak強調説的動作，不強調所説的內容。作及物動詞時，常以某種語言作賓語；C. say一般着重講話的內容，指有連貫*的説話，通常用做及物動詞；D. tell意為“告訴、講述”，指某人把某一件事、一條信息傳送給別人或講述一件事。根據“yes”可知，這是指説話的內容。故選C。
18. D句意：事實上，*年輕人的近視率是世界上最高的。A. best最好的；B. least最少的；C. lowest最低的；D. highest最高的。根據More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted. *70%以上的中學生是近視。可以推知*年輕人的近視率應該是世界上最高的。達到了70% 以上。故選D。
19. B句意：根據世界衞生組織的一份報告。A. news新聞；B. report報告；C. opinion意見；D. decision決定。根據More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted. *70%以上的中學生是近視。可知，這是報告的內容。應該選擇report報告；故選B。
20. D句意：8月，提出瞭解決這一問題的計劃。A. cause起因；B. develop 發展；C. cheat欺騙；D. solve解決。根據It tries to cut down the rate of nearsightedness for middle school students to ... than 60 percent by 2030. 它試圖到2030年將中學生的近視率降低到60%以下。可知，這是計劃要達到的目標。因此是上文提出瞭解決這一問題的計劃。故選D。
21. C句意：它試圖到2030年將中學生的近視率降低到60%以下。A. fewer更少的；B. worse更糟的；C. less較少的；D. more更多的。句中的the rate of nearsightedness：近視率；“近視率”是不可數的，因此排除A；選項B不符合語境，排除；根據More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted.和60 percent by 2030.可知，計劃的目標是：把70%的近視率降到60% 以下，是低了。因此選擇less較少的；故選C。
22. D句意：河南洛陽實驗學校從課桌開始。A. pulled down下拉；B. sold out售完；C. paid for支付；D. started with從……開始。根據It has designed (設計) desks with a board above the desktop. 它設計了桌面上方有一塊木板的桌子。可知，計劃是從改變桌子開始的。故選D。
23. C句意：這塊木板會阻止學生們把頭放得離桌面太近。A. leads領路；B. educates教育；C. stops停止；D. allows允許。本題考查stop…from…“阻止……”；語境是：木板會阻止學生們把頭放得離桌面太近。故選C。
24. A句意：同樣，*大學朝陽分校附屬中學也根據學生的身高提供桌椅。A. heights身高；B. weights體重；C. ages年齡；D. interests興趣。根據Studies have shown that proper desk height can ___10___ nearsightedness. 研究表明，適當的桌子高度可以防止近視。可知，*大學朝陽分校附屬中學應該是根據學生的身高提供桌椅。故選A。
25. C句意：研究表明，適當的桌子高度可以防止近視。A. increase增加；B. change 改變；C. prevent防止；D. continue繼續。根據Similarly, the High School Affiliated to Renmin University Chaoyang Branch School is now providing desks and chairs according to students’ ___9___同樣，*大學朝陽分校附屬中學也根據學生的身高提供桌椅。可知，適當的桌子高度是可以防止近視的。故選C。
26. B句意：多花些時間在外面也可以減少近視。A. never從未；B. also也，用於句中；C. seldom很少；D. too也，用於句末。根據Spending more time outside can ___11___ reduce (減少) nearsightedness. 多花些時間在外面_______ 可以減少近視。和句子結構可知，本題是句中的 “也”，因此應該選擇also也，用於句中；符合語境。故選B。
27. A句意：與成都第七中學相連的育才中學確保學生每天至少在室外玩80分鐘。make sure，後接賓語從句。A. that：當從句是陳述句時，用that引導，that不做任何成分，可省略；B. what什麼；C. why為什麼；D. if如果。make sure + that 從句。語境是：與成都第七中學相連的育才中學確保學生每天至少在室外玩80分鐘。故選A。
28. D句意：盯着屏幕也會傷害我們的眼睛。A. ears耳朵；B. hands手；C. heads頭；D. eyes眼睛。根據Staring at (盯) screens盯着屏幕看，可以推知，應該會傷害我們的眼睛。故選D。
29. A句意：*101中學對這個問題有一個解決方案。A. to向，朝；B. on在……上；C. at在(某處)；D. in在……裏。a solution to this problem：問題的解決方法。故選A。
30. C句意：我們每天早上都要交手機，放學後再拿回來。A. give out散發；B. reach for伸手去取；C. hand in上交；D. pick up撿起。根據get them back after school放學後再拿回來。可知，應該是每天早上都要交手機。放學後才能拿回來。故選C。
知識點：短文填空
題型：閲讀填空
